霍乱弧菌抗原结构与分型:霍乱弧菌分群思维导图
霍乱弧菌具有耐热的特异性O抗原和不耐热的非特异性H抗原。
H抗原为弧菌属所共有，特异性低。O抗原特异性高，具有群特异性和型特异性，是分群和分型的基础。
根据是否与O1群抗血清凝集分成O1群霍乱弧菌和非O1群霍乱弧菌。
O1群霍乱弧菌的菌体抗原由A、B、C三个抗原组成。O1群霍乱弧菌，可根据其菌体抗原不同，又分三个血清型，即
O抗原成分为AC的稻叶型，AB的小川型，ABC 的彦岛型。
非O1血清群的O2~0138群广泛分布于地面水中，可引起散发的胃肠炎，从未引起过霍乱流行。因这些血清群均不与O1群抗血清凝集，又统称为不凝集弧菌。而1992 年发现的新流行菌株为一种新群，即O139群。它不被O1群抗血清所凝集，亦不被O2~O138群抗血清凝集。能被O1群血清凝集，但不产生致病毒素的不致病弧菌称不典型01群霍乱
生物型：O1群霍乱弧菌有两种生物型:古典生物型和EITor生物型
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